What condition results in white spots on nails?

Leukonychia is the condition that leads to the appearance of white spots on nails, often as a result of minor trauma to the nail matrix. This trauma can occur from everyday activities, such as bumping the nail or using tools, and can disrupt normal keratin production within the nail. As the nail grows out, these white spots remain visible on the nail surface.

Onychomycosis, which refers to a fungal infection, typically presents with discoloration, thickening, or crumbling of the nail rather than isolated white spots. Psoriasis, while it can affect the nails by causing pitting and discoloration, typically does not cause white spots in the same manner as leukonychia. Aging can lead to general nail brittleness and changes but does not specifically induce the white spots associated with leukonychia. Understanding these distinctions is essential in accurately identifying nail conditions based on their visual signs.