What is the primary function of the nail matrix?

The primary function of the nail matrix is to generate new nail cells. The nail matrix is located beneath the base of the nail and is essential for nail growth. During the growth process, the matrix produces keratinocytes, which are the cells responsible for producing keratin, a key structural component of nails. As these new cells are formed, they push the older cells forward, resulting in the visible nail plate that extends past the fingertip.

Understanding the role of the nail matrix emphasizes its importance in the overall health and renewal of nails. If the matrix is damaged or impacted, it can lead to irregular nail growth or deformities. This function of generating nail cells is foundational for maintaining the integrity and appearance of nails, which is why it is recognized as the primary responsibility of the nail matrix.